Rectum

What is the rectum?

The rectum is the last portion of the large intestine which joins the colon to the anus. It stores fecal matter made in the colon until the body is ready for a bowel movement.

How does it work?

Bowel movements are the final part of digestion and normally occurs a few times a day to few times per week. The filling of waste products into the rectum puts pressure on the walls, stretching them and stimulating the stretch receptors. This signals the need for a bowel movement. If delayed, it can cause the waste matter in the rectum to become hard as fluids are absorbed. This can lead to constipation.

What conditions affect the rectum?

The rectum can be affected by a number of conditions. Some are more serious than others. They can also occur at any age. Common rectal conditions are rectal injuries, rectal swelling, rectal prolapse, rectal cancer, and the following:

• Hemorrhoids- These are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum which can be caused by irregular bowel movements such as constipation or diarrhea. They can be very painful and might bleed. Symptoms can be blood in stool and discomfort during bowel movements. Talk to the doctor if you have had any of these symptoms. Prevention of hemorrhoids typically includes a greater intake of quality fiber, plenty of water, and avoiding straining during bowel movements.
• Proctitis- This is inflammation of the rectum. It can be acute or chronic with symptoms including blood, mucus, and, in severe cases, pus in the stool. This is typically due to another underlying disease or infection of the digestive system. To avoid this, maintain a healthy, clean diet and increase the amount of fiber being consumed.
• Rectal Cancer- Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer among males, and the rectum is the common site. The symptoms of cancer include bleeding, usually bright red, abdominal pain, small and narrow stools, change in bowel patterns, constipation or diarrhea, and a sense of incomplete bowel movements. If any of these symptoms appears come into the office right away. The doctor will make sure you get the treatments you need as quickly as possible.